Understanding a Big Elephant and its Small Chains: SWOT Analysis of Pakistan’s Economy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59926/jodprp.vol05/01Keywords:
Pakistan, Competitiveness, Global Economy, MNCs, BusinessAbstract
‘What we Foreign Direct Investors need is a level playing field.’ This was claimed by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of a multinational corporation (MNC) operating in Pakistan for more than 50 years, on two separate occasions during 2015-18. This idiom motivated the authors to understand business nuances associated with Pakistan’s economy not being captured by indices such as the ‘Ease of Doing Business Index’ (EDBI) and ‘Global Competitiveness Index’ (GCI) primarily because of their measurement in quantitative terms. By conducting a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis of the country’s business environment, with the help of in-depth interviews with the CEOs of 19 MNCs and three national corporations (NCs), this study tries to capture some of these nuances. The respondents, based on their availability, were drawn from ten different industries. Based on the analysis, it can be inferred that ‘enduring’, ‘flimsy’, ‘enormous’ and ‘manageable’ are the four words which may be used to define the strengths and weaknesses associated with the opportunities and threats to Pakistan as a market.
The scope of this article is related to the following SDG / SDGs.

Downloads
Metrics
References
Akca, H. 2006, ‘Assessment of Rural Tourism in Turkey Using SWOT Analysis’, Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 6, no. 13, pp. 2837-2839.
Challagalla, G. Murtha, B.R. and Jaworski, B. 2014, ‘Marketing Doctrine: A Principles Based Approach to Guiding Marketing Decision Making in Firms’, Journal of Marketing, vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 4-20.
Christensen, M.C. Ojomo, E. and Dillon, K. 2019, ‘Cracking Frontier Markets’, Harvard Business Review, January-February, pp. 90-101, <https://hbr.org/2019/01/cracking-frontier-markets>.
Corbin, J. and Strauss, A. 2014, Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, Fourth Edition, London: SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J.W. 2014, Research Design-Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches, Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
D’Emidio, T., Klier, J., Wagner, J. and Weber, T. 2019, ‘The Public Sector Gets Serious about Customer Experience’, McKinsey Quarterly, 15 August,
Duarte, C., Ettkin, L.P., Helms, M.M. and Anderson, M.S. 2006, ‘The Challenge of Venezuela: A SWOT Analysis’, Competitiveness Review, vol. 16, no. 3/4, pp. 233-247.
Flick, U. 2009, An Introduction to Qualitative Research, London: SAGE Publications.
Forbes 2019, ‘U.S.-China Trade War Boosts Fast-Growing Southeast Asia’, 19 February, <https://www.forbes.com/sites/vinnielauria/2019/02/19/u-s-china-trade-warboosts-fast-growing-southeast-asia-2/?sh=1bbae6a66f5e>.
Gurell, S. and Tat, M. 2017, ‘SWOT Analysis: A Theoretical Review’, The Journal of International Social Research, vol. 10, pp. 994-1006.
Helms, M.M., Ríos, L.d.l., Hargrave, W. and Rodríguez, M.A. 2011, ‘Entrepreneurial Potential in Argentina: A SWOT Analysis’, Competitiveness Review, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 269-287.
Helms, M. and Nixon, J. 2010, ‘Exploring SWOT Analysis – Where are We Now?’ Journal of Strategy and Management, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 215-251.
Karppi, I., Kokkonen, M. and Lähteenmäki-Smith, K. 2001, ‘SWOT Analysis as a Basis for Regional Strategies’, Working Paper 4, Nordregio-Nordic Centre for Spatial Development, Stockholm.
Kathuria, S. 2018, A Glass Half Full: The Promise of Regional Trade in South Asia, South Asia Development Forum, The World Bank, Washington, D.C, <https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30246>.
King, R.K. 2004, ‘Enhancing SWOT Analysis using TRIZ and the Bipolar Conflict Graph: A Case Study’, < https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ENHANCING-SWOT-ANALYSIS-USING-TRIZ-AND-THE-BIPOLAR-
King/80ef827c85aac2f07ac271eb8694e38e4a72458e>.
Kuada, J. 2008, International Market Analysis: Theories and Methods, London: Adonis & Abbey Publishers, p.133.
Lund, S., Manyika, J., Woetzel, J., Bughin, J., and Krishnan, M. et al. 2019, ‘Globalization in Transition: The Future of Trade and Value Chains’, McKinsey Global Institute, Brussels, <https://www.mckinsey.com/featuredinsights/innovation-and-growth/globalization-in-transition-the-future-of-tradeand-value-chains>.
Malek, C. 2019, ‘New Tourism Investments Spark a Travel Boom in Saudi Arabia’, Arab News, 4 January, <https://www.arabnews.com/node/1430086/saudi-arabia>.
McKinsey and Company 2019, ‘Manufacturing and Trade in Asia’ [Video], 26 August, <https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/asia-pacific/manufacturing-andtrade-in-asia>.
Mokyr, J. 2018, A Culture of Growth: The Origins of the Modern Economy, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Nili, A. Barros, A. and Tate, M. 2018, ‘The Public Sector Can Teach Us a Lot About Digitizing Customer Service’, MIT Sloan Management Review, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 84-87.
Porter, M.E. 1990, ‘Competitive Advantage of Nations’, Harvard Business Review, vol. 68, no. 2, Summer, pp. 73-93.
Ritchie, J., Lewis, J. and Elam, G. 2013, Qualitative Research Practice: A Guide for Social Science Students and Researchers, London: SAGE Publications.
Serpa, S. and Ferreira, C.M. 2019, ‘Micro, Meso and Macro Levels of Social Analysis’, International Journal of Social Science Studies, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 120.
The Economist 2018, ‘Most Criticisms of the Doing Business Rankings Miss the Point’, 3 November, <https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/11/03/most-criticisms-ofthe-doing-business-rankings-miss-the-point>.
Tuerk, A., Frieden, D., Steiner, D. and Pašičko, R. 2015, ‘Bringing Europe and Third Countries closer Together through Renewable Energies, SWOT Analysis of Balkan Countries’, European Commission, Madrid.
UNDP 2018, Human Development in Pakistan, United Nations Development Programme, <https://www.pk.undp.org/content/pakistan/en/home/blog/2018/humandevelopment-in-pakistan.html> [Accessed 6 October 2019].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Muhammad Arif, Sadaf Kashif, Muhammad Nadeem Dogar

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

